Japanese Grammar Plug and Play
Japanese Lesson #89
Verb(Base I) + ZU NI IRARENAI
"I can't help but verb."
Today's Japanese grammar lesson makes use of Japanese verbs in Base I[1]. Verbs in base I always end with the syllable a (Pronounced aw as in awful, or awesome).
We could think of verbs in Base I as stem extenders to the negative states or conditions of Japanese verbs. Verbs in Base I are usually followed by the stem extender NAI, which can be compared and even equated to the English term "not".
For example, in English, we say that we can do something or we can not do something, or we say that we will do something, or, we will not do something.
As verbs in Base III tend toward the affirmative, verbs in Base I, tend toward the negative.
The verb to be able to or DEKIRU in base III is positive affirmative while DEKINAI, which is DEKIRU in base I + nai is not positive nor affirmative but negative.
Base I, a ending form of the verbs is for making the verbs not positive, not affirmative conditions.
DEKINAI is to CAN'T as DEKIRU is to CAN.
SHINAI is to WON'T DO as
SURU is to WILL DO.
Example
KANASHIKATTA NODE NAKAZU NI IRARENAI -
I was so sad, I couldn't help but cry.
NAKU - v. to cry in Base I, NAKA + ZU + NI IRARENAI
GAMAN DEKINAKUNATTA NODE KAERAZU NI IRARENAI -
It got so bad to where I couldn't take it anymore. I couldn't help but go back home.
KAERU - v. to return home, to go back in Base I, KAERA +ZU NI IRARENAI
TAIHEN BYOKI NI NATTA NODE, HAKIDASAZU NI IRARENAI -
I got so sick, I couldn't help but throw-up.
HAKIDASU - v. to throw up, vomit, spit out in Base
I, HAKIDASA + ZU NI IRARENAI
KIITE ITA ONGAKU WA SUGOKU YOKATTA NODE, ODORAZU NI IRARENAI -
The music was we were listening to was so good, I couldn't help but dance.
ODORU - v. To dance in Base I, ODORAZU + ZU NI IRARENAI
There you have it! Another Japanese plug and play grammar principle you can use to add to your arsenal of Japanese language weaponry, which, depending on your commitment to the task of Japanese language learning, can take you yet another step further in your quest towards better Japanese.
As Always,
Ganbatte Ne!
Do Your Best!
Makurasuki
March 1, 2017
May 24, 2013
Base 2 + so desu
To say that someone seems about to verb in Japanese, use the following construction:
Verb(base II) So^ desu
This one is an easily constructed grammar principle. First we take any verb we like and put it into base II.
Hanasu - to speak -
Hanasu(base II) = hanashi
Ochiru - to fall -
Ochiru(base II) = ochi
Naku - to cry
Naku(base II) = naki
add So^ desu to the base II of Japanese verbs will make the verb take on
the nuance of things which are about to take place or that look like
they are going to do it soon, ie. seems about to verb.
hanashi so^ desu
hanashiso^ desu - It seems he is about to speak
ochi so^ desu
ochiso^ desu - looks like they are about to fall down
For iru and eru ending verbs simply drop off the last syllable ru and
add So^ desu. For all other forms put into i ending.
Base TE + shimau
Today's lesson: Verb (Base TE) Shimau. - To completely verb (negative connotation)
Sanseido's Daily concise Japanese - English Dictionary defines the verb shimau as, "to finish completely, or to put an end to".
For this plug and play grammar to work, just take any Japanese verb and put it into base te. (If you need help putting verbs in bases, go here.) In Ex. 1 we have the verbs for taberu (to eat), and nomu (to drink). Putting them into base TE we have tabete, and nonde. Now adding the past tense of the verb shimau, we have:
Ex. 1. Tabete shimatta! I ate it all,
Nonde shimatta! I drank it all!
o. Finishing it to the end you want to use base II owaru.
i.e. Yomiowatta - I have finished reading it.
p. If we wanted to put this into the future tense,leave the verb shimau in plain form or change into polite form shimaimasu.
i.e. Tabete shimaimasu - I will completely eat it. (Sometime in the future)
Ex.2. Tsukatte shimatta - I used it all, I used all of it. - (tsukau - to use)
Ex.3. Nakushite shimatta - I lost it all, or I lost all of it. (nakusu - to lose)
Ex. 4 Nurete shimatta - It got completely wet, or it's soaked etc. (nureru - to get wet)
O-Shimai is often used to signify endings in a variety of nouns that have a beginning. . In Japanese you can think of Open / start (begin) as close / shut (end).
O-Shimai is often said to children get a hurried response from the child which basically is saying, "That's it!…No more playing!." at bedtime when a parent is desirous of hurrying a child to bed, expressing that "it's time to go to bed it is officially over (O-Shimai)" Similarly the word that expresses, "oh crap" in Japanese is shimau in past tense or "shimatta.". Shimatta Japin this case means, to be wrung, or wringed.
Start using your new base TE shimau bumpo on your friends today! They'll be glad you did. And don't forget to Ganbatte Ne.! Do your Best! McCluskey
Sanseido's Daily concise Japanese - English Dictionary defines the verb shimau as, "to finish completely, or to put an end to".
For this plug and play grammar to work, just take any Japanese verb and put it into base te. (If you need help putting verbs in bases, go here.) In Ex. 1 we have the verbs for taberu (to eat), and nomu (to drink). Putting them into base TE we have tabete, and nonde. Now adding the past tense of the verb shimau, we have:
Ex. 1. Tabete shimatta! I ate it all,
Nonde shimatta! I drank it all!
o. Finishing it to the end you want to use base II owaru.
i.e. Yomiowatta - I have finished reading it.
p. If we wanted to put this into the future tense,leave the verb shimau in plain form or change into polite form shimaimasu.
i.e. Tabete shimaimasu - I will completely eat it. (Sometime in the future)
Ex.2. Tsukatte shimatta - I used it all, I used all of it. - (tsukau - to use)
Ex.3. Nakushite shimatta - I lost it all, or I lost all of it. (nakusu - to lose)
Ex. 4 Nurete shimatta - It got completely wet, or it's soaked etc. (nureru - to get wet)
O-Shimai is often used to signify endings in a variety of nouns that have a beginning. . In Japanese you can think of Open / start (begin) as close / shut (end).
O-Shimai is often said to children get a hurried response from the child which basically is saying, "That's it!…No more playing!." at bedtime when a parent is desirous of hurrying a child to bed, expressing that "it's time to go to bed it is officially over (O-Shimai)" Similarly the word that expresses, "oh crap" in Japanese is shimau in past tense or "shimatta.". Shimatta Japin this case means, to be wrung, or wringed.
Start using your new base TE shimau bumpo on your friends today! They'll be glad you did. And don't forget to Ganbatte Ne.! Do your Best! McCluskey
Japanese Days of the Week
In Japanese, the days of the week are easy to learn. The
days of the week from Sunday to Monday for a total of 7 days, all have
one thing in common in Japanese. YO^BI or 'day'.
^ -long vowels
Long vowel that is pronounced like the English word ,"owe". For every day of the week in Japanese, you will find the word yo^bi pronounced like Kobe Bryant's first name. However, when romanizing the Japanese syllabary, it is common practice to pronounce i as an ee as in the word need. The Japanese vowel "e" is pronounced as the "e" in bed. Knowing this will surely improve our Japanese pronunciation.
How to say the "Days of the Week" in Japanese.
As in English, the words for Saturday, Sunday, and Monday are the words Saturn's day, Sun's day, and the Moon's day. The word for day like we use in this sense is yo^bi.
1. Sun yo^bi
2. Moon yo^bi
3. Fire yo^bi
4. Water yo^bi
5. Wood yo^bi
6. Gold yo^bi
7. Saturn yo^bi and . . .
Sun = Nichi
Moon = Getsu
Fire = Ka
Water = Sui
Wood = Moku
Gold = Kin
Saturn = Do^ (long vowel O-)
do a little addition and we have . . .
1. Sunday = Nichiyo^bi
2. Monday = Getsuyo^bi
3. Tuesday = Kayo^bi
4. Wednesday = Suiyo^bi
5. Thursday = Mokuyo^bi
6. Friday = Kinyo^bi
7. Saturday = Do^yo^bi
The only question I have is how did tuesday, wednesday, thursday, friday get messed up? Has it anything to do with . . . the Tower of Babel? I tend to think so.
As always, Ganbatte Ne! Do your Best! Makuarasuki
^ -long vowels
Long vowel that is pronounced like the English word ,"owe". For every day of the week in Japanese, you will find the word yo^bi pronounced like Kobe Bryant's first name. However, when romanizing the Japanese syllabary, it is common practice to pronounce i as an ee as in the word need. The Japanese vowel "e" is pronounced as the "e" in bed. Knowing this will surely improve our Japanese pronunciation.
How to say the "Days of the Week" in Japanese.
As in English, the words for Saturday, Sunday, and Monday are the words Saturn's day, Sun's day, and the Moon's day. The word for day like we use in this sense is yo^bi.
1. Sun yo^bi
2. Moon yo^bi
3. Fire yo^bi
4. Water yo^bi
5. Wood yo^bi
6. Gold yo^bi
7. Saturn yo^bi and . . .
Sun = Nichi
Moon = Getsu
Fire = Ka
Water = Sui
Wood = Moku
Gold = Kin
Saturn = Do^ (long vowel O-)
do a little addition and we have . . .
1. Sunday = Nichiyo^bi
2. Monday = Getsuyo^bi
3. Tuesday = Kayo^bi
4. Wednesday = Suiyo^bi
5. Thursday = Mokuyo^bi
6. Friday = Kinyo^bi
7. Saturday = Do^yo^bi
The only question I have is how did tuesday, wednesday, thursday, friday get messed up? Has it anything to do with . . . the Tower of Babel? I tend to think so.
As always, Ganbatte Ne! Do your Best! Makuarasuki
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